山西省和重庆市四县区农村糖尿病前期人群超重肥胖状况及影响因素研究

The status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in pre-diabetes population of four counties in Shanxi province and Chongqing city

目的了解山西省、重庆市4个县区农村糖尿病前期人群超重肥胖状况及影响因素,为糖尿病前期人群干预提供科学依据。方法对农村地区＂糖尿病及其危险因素调查＂发现的糖尿病前期人群进行糖尿病防控知信行问卷调查、身体测量和血糖检测。结果共调查糖尿病前期人群994例,超重率和肥胖率分别为37.68%和23.74%;糖尿病前期人群体质指数（BMI）知晓率仅为6.86%,认为身体活动、膳食、体重控制必要的比例在64.14%-80.00%,增加身体活动、合理膳食、控制体重行为的实行率仅为8.59%-13.60%;超重和肥胖人群中,自认超重或肥胖者体重控制知信行总体状况好于自认体重过低和正常者,体型自我判断一致率仅为43.76%;超重肥胖与体型自我判断、控制体重行为及必要性、控制饮食行为、增加身体活动必要性、文化程度、年龄有关。结论 4个县区糖尿病前期人群超重率和肥胖率很高,为促进体重控制以预防糖尿病,建议通过健康教育传播体重控制的知识和技能,特别是超重肥胖判断标准,增加身体活动和控制饮食的技能,并促进行为转变。

Objective To investigate the status and intluencing taetors of overweight and obesity in pre-dlabetes population ot tour counties in Shanxi province and Chongqing city and to provide the scientific basis for intervention of pre-diabetes population. Methods The population with pre-diabetes found in the investigation of diabetes and its risk factors in rural area were served as the subjects. The knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） questionnaire for diabetes, body measurements and blood glucose detection were used to investigate the subjects. Results In 994 cases with pre-diabetes, the rates of overweight and obesity were 37.68% and 23.74%, the awareness rate of BMI was 6.86%, the awareness rates of physical activity, reasonable diet and weight control were 64.14%-80.00%. The situation of weight control KAP among population, who thought they were overweight or obesity, was better than the others, who thought they were normal or lower weight. The rate of correct self-evaluation of body type was only 43.76%. Overweight and obesity were related to self-evaluation of body type, the behavior weight control and importance, diet control and importance, importance of physical activity, education level and age. Conclusion The morbidities of overweight and obesity among pre-diabetes population in the four counties are very high. It is suggested that the health education for weight control and methods, the standard of overweight and obesity, and the knowledge and skill of diet control or physical activity to change the behavior and to improve weight control and diabetes.