上海市土壤污染防治公众参与评价及对策建议

Public Participation in Assessing Shanghais Soil Pollution and Protection and Corresponding Countermeasures

指出了近年来,一些与土壤污染相关的环境事件已经引发了人们的广泛关注,公众参与土壤环境保护的意愿越来越强。国内外案例表明:公众参与土壤污染防治,能够使该工作以更加高效、规范和科学的方式开展,实现各利益相关方的共赢。当前,政府在引导公众参与土壤污染防治方面做了许多努力,但是也存在一些问题,如土壤污染信息公开程度不够,公众对土壤污染的严重性认识不足,不能有效参与到土壤污染监管和相关环境保护中。上海已经初步建立了公众参与土壤污染防治的制度框架体系,通过对公众参与土壤污染防治的现状分析,发现了四个方面的问题,即土壤环境污染信息公开有限,公众参与流于形式、公众环境维权难、土壤保护意识薄弱与尚未形成完整的公众参与的法律保障体系。因此,提出了可以从适度公开土壤污染信息、建立环境公众参与的法律保障体系、加强环境教育、拓展公众参与形式,保障公众的参与权与监督权方面完善土壤污染防治公众参与机制。

In recent years, some environmental issues relating to soil pollution has attracted public＇s attention, The awareness of environmental protection has become stronger among the public. The examples from the domestic and the aboard show that public＇s participation in soil protection will make this work done in a more effective, standardized and scientific way, which will achieve the all--win situation. Although government makes enormous efforts in guiding public＇s participation, there are still some problems, such as the soil protection＇s information is not open enough, public＇s awareness of soil protection＇s severity is shallow and they can＇t participate in the monitoring and protection of soil effectively. Shanghai has set up the primary framework of public participation in soil protection. Through the analysis of the current status, the article finds out four problems, namely the limited information of soil pollution, formalistic public participation, difficult rights protection of environment and weak awareness in soil protection and the unaccomplished law protection system of public participation. Therefore, this article provides some suggestions to perfect the public participation mechanism, including opening more information channels about the soil protection, building up law protection system, enhancing environmental education, expanding the participating ways, ensuring the right of public＇s participation and supervision, etc.