从墓葬材料看丰镐地区西周时期的人群构成

On the Population Composition of the Western Zhou Period Feng-Hao Area in the light of Tomb data

从20世纪50年代以来,丰镐地区进行了20多次发掘,已发掘1000多座西周墓,但以往发掘缺乏弄清墓葬整体布局的意识,以往研究中也未关注过该地区的人群构成情况。本文将历年发掘的西周墓葬进行统一梳理,据墓葬空间集结情况将该地区西周墓葬分为十个墓区,继而比较各区墓葬主要特征的差异,并将各区墓葬显现出的特点与典型的周人墓葬和商人墓葬进行比较,指出沣西A区显示出与周人墓葬相似的特点,主要是周人墓葬,沣西C区显示出与商人墓葬相似的特点,主要是殷遗民墓葬。

There are more than 20 excavations with different scale in Fenghao region since 50＇ s in 20 century, and more than 1000 Western Zhou burials have been excavated. But all the excavators had no idea to make cleat the distribution of burials, and all the earlier studies paid few attentions to the composing of people in this region during the time of Western Zhou. This paper puts all the burials together, and divides the burials into 10 districts according to the space and cluster of burials, then compares the differences of main characters of burials between Fengxi A District and Fengxi C District. Compared with the typical Zhou burials and Shang burials in other regions, the author points out that the burials in Fengxi A District mainly belong to Zhou people, and the burials in Fengxi C District mainly belong to offspring of Shang people.