固始侯古堆一号墓的年代与墓主

Date and Owner of Tomb Hougudui-I in Gushi

本文通过对固始侯古堆一号墓出土铜器的考察,判断其年代应在战国初年吴亡之后,墓中出土的九件铜鼎并非为一套列鼎,而是由箍口鼎、兽钮子母口鼎、三环钮子母口鼎等多套鼎制组合而成,是东周时期十分普遍的礼制变革现象。墓主人的身份等级应在三鼎规格,且主要使用鼎、簠、缶的基本礼器组合,同时从铜器铭文、其他随葬品和丧葬习俗的角度综合考虑,墓主人应为楚国番县贵族而非吴王夫人季子。

Through analyzing the bronze artifacts excavated from the Gushi Hougudui Tomb No. 1, this paper proposes that the exact date of this tomb would be early Warring States periods rather than Late Chunqiu, and the nine bronze Dings （ 鼎） in this tomb is exactly assembled by three different types, which is a very typical phenomenon in the Eastern Zhou period. Thus the deceased should be a Shi （士） noble from the Chu state rather than the Queen of Wu, which can also be supplemented by the inscriptions, other funeral goods and ritual evidence.