清末藩部地区筹备司法改良探微

A Study on the Preparatory Judicial Reform in Fanbu(藩部) Regions during the End of the Qing Dynasty

清承明制,针对蒙古、西藏各藩部实行一套不同于内地的"理藩"司法模式,但至晚清,随着内外危机的加深,清廷开始对藩部司法进行改良,以推进藩部地区新政,实现传统藩部与内地省份司法治理上的统一。为实现此目标,清中央政权、具体负责藩部事务的地方官员分别做出努力,围绕旧律废除、新律修订,司法人才培养,各级审判厅、检察厅设立,进行尝试,肇启了传统边陲地区司法近代化之路,推动了藩部地区法制的进步。

The Qing Dynasty inherited Ming Dynasty's system,the government took a special judicial system in its administration of borderland fence-regions(Fanbu),like Mongolia,Tibet,which was different from the inner land.Due to the deepening internal and external crisis of the late Qing Dynasty,the Qing government took steps to carry forward judicial reform in its borderland regions,intending to promote the new reform to unify the borderland regions and the inner provinces in judicial system.To achieve these goals,the Qing Central Government and the officials in charge of administration of borderland regions made efforts to abolish old laws,issue new laws,train new judicial personnel,establish all levels of court and prosecutor's office,which starts the judicial modernization in borderland regions,and promotes the progress of the rule by law in these regions.