荻生徂徕的忧患意识和社会治理思想

Ogyu Sorai's Adversity Consciousness and Social Governance Thought

荻生徂徕(1666-1728)是日本江户中期著名的"古文辞学"派儒学家。彼时因商品经济的萌发,出现了"四民失序"、道德失范等诸多社会问题,面对新的历史转折,荻生徂徕强烈的忧患意识和危机感促使他著书立说,向幕府建言献策,提出了具体的社会治理方案。总体而言,他认为要仿照"三代之治",在日本建立起遵循"圣人之道"的礼乐制度来达到社会治理的目的。毋庸置疑,荻生徂徕对社会问题的"诊断"超越了常人和时代,但其为解决问题开出的"良方"有待进一步推敲和论证。

Ogyu Sorai （1666-1728） is a well-known kobunjigaku Confucian in the mid Edo Japan. With the development of commodity economy in that period, the class system was out of order, social problems appeared. At the new historical turning point, Ogyu Sorai＇s strong adversity consciousness and crisis awareness prompted him to become an author. He put forward suggestions and concrete social governance method to the shogunate. Overall, He considered that they should be modeled on the ＂three generations＂, establishing the ritual system of the sage in Japan for social governance. The diagnosis of the social problems by Ogyu Sorai is beyond the ordinary people and the times, but his solution needs further elaboration and demonstration.