新发无症状高血压病患者的临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics analysis of the asymptomatic new-onset hypertension

目的:探讨新发无症状高血压病患者的临床特征,以制定科学的防控措施。方法:对146例门诊健康体检中确诊的新发无症状高血压病患者,主要采用实验室检查与问卷调查的方式进行研究。结果:1146例患者中,机关事业单位领导干部58例,占39.7%;机关事业单位普通科员43例,占29.5%;工人或农民24例,占16.4%;技术岗位人员21例,占14.4%,不同职业的患者之间无症状高血压的发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2构成新发无症状高血压患者的主要危险因素为血脂异常(13.1%)、运动量缺乏(12.9%)、高盐高钠饮食(10.0%)、心血管病家族史(9.2%)等。结论:新发无症状高血压患者具有职业分布的特点,其主要危险因素依次为血脂异常、运动量缺乏、高盐高钠饮食、心血管病家族史等,应结合我国国情与临床特征制定行之有效的干预途径。

Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics of the asymptomatic new-onset hypertension for formulating scientific prevention and control measures.Methods：The clinical data of146 patients diagnosed with asymptomatic new-onset hypertension in the physical examination center of the outpatient department were included into this study,and the study was conducted by laboratory tests and questionnaires.Results：① Among the 146 patients,58cases（39.7%）were leading cadres of the government organizations and institutions,43cases（29.5%）were ordinary clerk of the government organizations and institutions,24cases（16.4%）were workers and farmers,21cases（14.4%）were technical personnels.There were statistical differences of the incidence rate of the asymptomatic new-onset hypertension between different professions（P〈0.05）.②The main risk factors leading to the asymptomatic new-onset hypertension included dyslipidemia（13.1%）,lack of exercises（12.9%）,diet high in salt and rich in sodium（10.0%）,family history of cardiovascular diseases（9.2%）,and the like.Conclusion：Asymptomatic new-onset hypertension has its occupational distribution characteristics,and the main risk factors are,in order,dyslipidemia,lack of exercise,high-salt diet,family history of cardiovascular diseases.Effective interventions measures against it should be made based on our national conditions and the clinical characteristics of the disease.