竹类资源在我国石漠化防治中的应用研究

Application Research of Bamboo Resources on Rockification Control in China

石漠化问题是岩溶地区首要生态问题,严重制约着区域社会经济可持续发展。因石漠化土地具有双层水文结构、缺土少水、富钙(镁)、偏碱性的特性,物种选择受限;而岩溶地区竹类种质资源丰富,其生态与经济效益俱佳,是实现治"石"与致富的有效物种,推广意义重大。文中介绍了我国石漠化土地现状和生态特征、我国竹类资源分布状况及主要特性,分析了竹类在石漠化防治中的可行性,阐述了石漠化治理中竹类品种选择要求以及石漠化治理中主要丛生竹品种和主要特性,并提出石漠化治理中竹类栽培与抚育管理的关键技术与要点,以期为我国在全面推进石漠化综合治理工程中加强竹类资源广泛应用提供参考。

Rockification is a priority ecological challenge in karst regions, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of local economy. Because rockified land has two-layer hydrological structure feature with water and soil shortage, rich in calcium （magnesium）, and more alkaline, the species subject to choice are limited. Nevertheless, the bamboo germplasm resources are rich in Karst regions, creating good ecological and social benefits, and therefore, bamboo is an effective species for both rockification control and livelihood improvement, which is worth extensively planting. This paper introduced the status quo and ecological features of rockified land as well as the species of bamboo resources and its main properties, and analyzed the feasibility of planting bamboo against rockification, expounded the varieties choice requirement during rockication control, and described the major cuhivars used for the control and their principal properties. Furthermore, the key technologies and key points in bamboo cultivation and management against rockification were discussed, which was expected to provide references to extensive application of bamboo resources to comprehensive rockification control.