杂色杜父鱼生物学初步研究

Biological Characteristics of Alpine Sculpin Cottus poecilopus Heckel

2013和2014年5~6月间,采用自制悬挂式电鱼机,在鸭绿江支流蒲石河采捕368尾杂色杜父鱼Cottus poecilopus Heckel,研究该鱼的生物学。结果表明：杂色杜父鱼全长L（mm）与体质量W（g）的关系式为：W=2×10-5L2.9662。48尾雌性个体的统计表明,个体绝对繁殖力（F）为497粒,体长相对繁殖力（FL）为5.06±2.13粒/mm,体质量相对繁殖力（FW）为36.98±15.63粒/g。杂色杜父鱼的摄食率为28.26%;充塞度为1~5级的标本尾数分别占总标本数的38.46%、26.92%、19.23%、11.54%,和3.85%;主要食物为底栖动物和小型鱼类。饵料生物中个数百分比（N%）最高的种类是灰纹石蛾Hydropsyche ulmeri,质量百分比（W%）和出现频次百分比（F%）最高的均为钩虾Gammarus sp.,百分比相对重要性指数（IRI%）最高的是灰纹石蛾Hydropsyche ulmeri。

The biological characters of alpine sculpin Cottus poecilopus Heckel were studied in 368 samples collected fxom the branch of Yalu River during 2013 and from May to June in 2014 by a suspended electronic collector. The relationship of total length （mm） and body weight （g） was shown to be expressed as W=2×10^-529662. By 48 females, the average value of absolute fecundity （F） was 497 eggs per individual, with the average value of individual relative fecundity （FL） of 5.06±2.13 eggs/ram and individual relative fe- cundity （Fw） of 36.98±15.63 eggs/g body weight. The alpine sculpin had food intake rate of 28.26% and the fish with food fullness degree from 1 to 5 accounted for 38.46%, 26.92%, 19.23%, 11.54% and 3.85% of total samples, respectively. The zoobenthos and small fishes were the main food of alpine sculpin, Hydropsyche ulmeri having the maximal species individual percentage （N%）, Gam- marus sp. being the maximal species eight （W%） and the maximal species frequency （F%）, and Hydropsyche ulmeri showing the maximal species relative importance index （IRI%）.