常见水质指标对患腹水病黄颡鱼组织病理的影响

Effects of Conventional Water Quality Factors on Histopathology of Yellow Catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)with Ascites

体质量20~25g黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco鱼种饲养在辽宁省灯塔市忠信集团面积0.53~1hm2,水深1.5~3m的池塘中,密度为52500尾/hm2,搭养全长10cm的鲢200尾、鳙80尾,投喂以人工饲料。2012年5月和6月的8、18、28日,采病鱼样品63尾,正常鱼样品23尾,监测了5个患黄颡鱼腹水病和3个未发病池塘的水温、DO、p H、NH4+-N和NO2--N含量,以探讨水环境与黄颡鱼腹水病组织病理的关系。结果表明:当氨氮、亚硝酸盐超出正常养殖水体指标并升高时,鱼体鳃、肾、肝组织细胞发生肿胀、增生、空泡变性等一系列组织病理学变化。

Juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco with body weight of 20-25 g was stocked at a rate of 52500 fish per hm^2, polycultured with silver carp Hypophtha!michthys molitrix with total length of some 10 cm at a rate of 3000 fish per hm^2, and bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis with total length of some 10 cm at a rate of 1200 fish per hm2 in ponds with area of0.53-1.0 hm2, and water depth of 1.5-3.0 m, and fed artificial diet at 8：00-9：00 am and 15：00-16：00 pro. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen （DO）, pH, NH4＋-N, and NO2--N levels were monitored in 5 ponds with ascites and 3 non-diseased ponds and 63 samples of diseased fish and 23 samples ofnom^al fish were collected from both ponds on the 8th, 18th, 28th of May and June in 2012 in order to find out the relation- ship between the water quality and histopathology of ascites. It was found that abnormal changes, and emergence of cell swelling, hy- perplasia, and vacuolar degeneration were observed in the gill, kidney and hepatopancreas of the sick fish when NH4＋-N, and NO2--N levels exceeded the normal water standard.