元杂剧《张生煮海》的情节渊源及其演变

The Origin and Evolution of the Plot in the Yuan Dynasty Drama Zhangsheng Boils the Sea

元杂剧《张生煮海》的故事情节最直接的来源可能是沙门岛的地方传说,但其远源可以追溯到印度古代的"抒海索宝"故事。这一民间故事被佛教吸收,以宣扬属于六波罗蜜之一的"精进"观念,为各经籍反复引用,流传颇广。唐朝小说作家将"胡人识宝"情节与此一故事结合,创作出"炼珠索宝"故事。这以后,由于"抒海"与"煮海"音近,在元杂剧中完成了从"炼珠索宝"到"煮海求婚"的本土化转变,提升了此一类型故事的思想和艺术价值。

The direct source of the plot in the Yuan Dynasty Drama Zhangsheng Boils the See was possibly from a local legend of the Shamen island. But its earliest origin may be traced back to the ancient Indian story of ＂dredging the see to find the treasures＂. This folk story was accepted by Buddhism to demonstrate the idea of the ＂right effort＂among its ＂Six Paramis＂,thus was cited by many sutras and widely spread. The Tang novelists combined the plot of＂northern barbarian find treasures＂with this plot,and created the story of＂refining pearls and searching for treasures＂. Afterwards,due to some homophonic reason,this story was developed to the story of ＂boiling the sea to propose a marriage＂in the Yuan Drama,thus completed its process of localization. The content of thought and the artistry in this type of story have also been updated.