《史记·天官书》云气占考释

A Textual Study on the Meteorological Divination in Shi Ji

现代意义上的"天文"和"气象"现象,在《史记·天官书》中都有记载,其中云气占所载之"云气",即属于现代气象学方面的内容。尽管云气占是一种占卜形式,但其占卜依据的"日旁云气"、"水土之气"、"有色之气"、"似雾之气"等,却是汉人对气象现象的长期细致观察。其占卜方法则体现了司马迁的"天人"思想。

The ＂astronomy＂and ＂meteorology＂in modern sense has already recorded in the chapter of＂Book of Celestial Officials＂in Shi Ji（ The Records of the Grand Historian）. Among its records,the ＂cloud image＂in meteorological divination is belongs to the content of modern meteorology. Although it is a kind of divination,what it referred such as ＂clouds around the sun＂,＂the air of water and earth＂,＂the colorful air＂,＂the foggy air＂,etc.,were all based on Han Dynasty people’s long term observation of meteorological phenomena. While the methodology of divination represents Sima Qian’s idea of human and Heaven.