晚霜对桃幼果及新梢的影响

Effect of Late Frost on Peach New Shoots and Young Fruit

通过对山西省农业科学院果树研究所桃资源圃新梢及幼果晚霜冻害调查发现,幼果及新梢的受冻害程度与树体高度、地理位置均有一定相关性。结果表明,不同的果实类型中,普通桃幼果、新梢的冻害率比油桃分别低8.8,7.7百分点;不同地理位置桃幼果、新梢冻害率之间存在显著差异,低洼地桃幼果的冻害率为94%,而高地的冻害率远远低于低洼地,仅为23%;不同树冠高度幼果、新梢冻害率之间存在显著差异,1.7 m及以上的幼果、新梢的冻害率分别为64%,37%,远远低于1.7 m以下的冻害率;不同方向幼果、新梢的冻害率存在显著差异,在西边幼果及新梢的冻害率仅为59%,18%,远远低于东边的82%,72%。

By means of investigation on the freeze injuries of new shoots and young fruit in the peach garden of Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, it was found that the frostbite of young fruit and the new shoots were related with the tree height and the geographical position. The investigation results showed that the freeze injury rates of young fruit and new shoots of common peach plant were respectively 8.8, 7.7 percentage point lower than those of nectarine in different types of fruits; there were extremely significant differences among the freeze injury rates of young fruit and new shoots at different geographical position, and the freeze injury rates in highland were far lower than those in the low-lying land, which was only 23%; there were significant differences among freeze injuries of young fruit and new shoots of different canopy height. The freeze injuries of young fruit and new shoots whose heights were more than 1.7 m and above were respectively 64% and 37%, which were far lower than the freeze injury rates of those lower than 1.7 m; there were significant differences among the freeze injury rates of young fruit and new shoots at different direction, freezing injury rates of young fruit and new shoots were only 59%, 18%, respectively, which were far lower than the east.