某型轿车前车门装配公差分配的优化

Optimization of assembly tolerance allocation for the front door of a car

由于轿车车门装配不仅关系到汽车外观质量,还关系到企业的制造成本。为了优化轿车车门装配公差分配,结合制造成本—公差分配模型,提出了采用粒子群算法对车门进行装配公差分配优化,并建立了基于田口质量定义的质量成本理论对其进行评价,最后以某型轿车前车门装配公差分配为例进行验证,结果表明该轿车前车门优化后10个测量点均能满足公差要求,装配质量明显提高,并且优化后总损失成本减少了7.33%,验证了该公差分配的合理性,为正确处理汽车外观质量和制造成本之间的矛盾提供一定的参考。

The car door assembly tolerance allocation is not only relative to the quality of automobile appearance, but also the enterprise manufacturing cost. In order to optimize tolerance allocation of a car door assembly, a tolerance allocation method based on particle swarm optimization algorithm is presented by using the manufacturing cost-to-tolerance allocation mathematical model. Secondly, the method is evaluated by a quality and cost metric model based on Taguchi＆#39;s quality concepts. Final-ly, the optimal assembly tolerance allocation of the front door for a car is taken as an example for the test. Results show that the ten measure points of front door optimized by particle swarm are all meet tolerance requirements and the assembly quality of car front door is greatly improved. Besides, the tolerance allocation method is proved reasonably by the result that the total loss function reduced by 7. 33% after optimization. The proposed method could be used to deal with the relationship between the quality of automobile appearance and manufacturing cost.