论宋代文言小说的篇末议论

On the Ending of Classical Chinese Novels in Song Dynasty

文言小说中,在篇末附加议论的情况在唐传奇中就已经出现,这种篇末议论形式最早来自"史评",而后为小说家所采用。宋代文言小说中的篇末议论在依循唐人之模式的基础上又发生了不小的变化:议论文字冗长且具备独立文体形式;议论中的教训意味加重;议论干预故事主题。这些变化的背后是宋人的理学文化和科举用论的制度。篇末议论的垂诫意味加重、议论干预故事主题都可以从追求"存天理、灭人欲","改过迁善,克己复礼"以及"治国平天下"的理学思想中寻求根源。宋人小说中的这种与唐人有着种种不同的篇末议论也与宋代科举的"试论"息息相关。

That novelists added their own comments in the end of the classical Chinese novel has alread- y existed in the Tang legends. This kind of comment first appeared in ＂Historical Criticism＂ , and then it was accepted by novelists.The comment at the end of the novel in the classical fiction in Song Dy- nasty based on the form of Tang Dynasty has changed a lot. the comment was very long and had its own specific features it was more critical and superficial.Those changes made great differences to the theme of novels＂ narrative part, which interfered with the theme of the whole story.The comment at the end of the fiction in the novel of Song Dynasty which had many differences to that of Tang Dynas- ty depend on Neo-Confucianism and argumentation examination.