120例膀胱结石成分分析及其影响因素

The constituents of bladder stones and the factors contributing to the composition: a study of 120 cases

目的：分析膀胱结石患者的结石成分，研究膀胱结石形成的影响因素，为防治膀胱结石提供依据。方法分析120例膀胱结石患者的膀胱结石成分，并根据患者的一般资料分析膀胱结石形成的影响因素。结果膀胱结石有单一和多种复合混合等形式，主要是以多种混合形式存在；各单一成分主要有一水草酸钙（90．00％）、碳酸磷灰石（80．33％）、无水尿酸（70．00％），多种混合形式主要有一水草酸钙＋碳酸磷灰石（90．83％）、一水草酸钙＋碳酸磷灰石＋二水草酸钙（93．33％）。患者膀胱结石的影响因素有 BMI（OR ＝7．452）、并发症（OR ＝3．987）、性别（OR＝3．599）、学历（OR ＝3．112）、年龄（OR ＝2．599）、饮水量（OR ＝2．045），均具有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。结论25～50岁的青壮年男性易发膀胱结石，且多为肥胖者。

Objective To understand the constituents of bladder stones as well as the factors that lead to the composition of the stones so as to work out solutions to the disease.Method 120 cases of bladder calculi were examined for the constituents and then the general data of the patients were reviewed for the possible factors resulting in the composition of the stones.Finding s Bladder stones were found to exist in two types： stones of single constituent and stones of multiple constituents.Stones of single constituents include those of calcium oxalate monohydrate （90%）, carbonate apatite （80.33%）, and anhydrous uric acid （70%）.Stones of multiple constituents include those of calcium oxalate monohydrate＋carbonate apatite （90.83%） and monohydrate calcium carbonate apatite ＋two water calcium oxalate （93.33%）.The factors leading to the disease include BMI （ OR =7.452）, complications （ OR =3.987）, gender （ OR =3.599）, education （OR =3.112）, age （OR =2.599）, genetic （OR =2.098）, and the amount of water in-take （OR =2.045） （P 〈0.01）.All of these factors bear statistical significance.Conclusion Bladder calculi composition tend to occur in male patients in the age bracket of 25 ~50 years, especially in those with obesity.