不同质地土壤应用保水剂效果研究

Application effect research on super absorbent polymers in different texture soils

通过盆栽试验,对保水剂在砂土、壤土和粘土上的保水效果进行了研究,结果表明:(1)对于土壤水吸力变化而言,沙土、壤土分别添加保水剂(SAP)5 g和10 g(即处理B5和B10)均低于不添加SAP(处理B0),但随着SAP用量的增加,水吸力并没有表现出减小的趋势,沙土均<30.4 kPa,壤土均<80 kPa;粘土在低水吸力范围内与砂土、壤土相似,>30 kPa各处理效果不明显。(2)对于土壤含水量而言,沙土的B10处理在含水量上显著高于其它处理,然而综合考虑水吸力和含水量时,沙土在<15 kPa水吸力范围内,B10处理虽供水性较强,但土壤持水性变差,B1处理持水性较好,供水性在作物可利用范围内;壤土的处理效果不如沙土,壤土在同一水吸力下,处理B5含水量始终处于较高水平,均高于19%,且在<30 kPa的吸力范围有较高的持水性和供水性;粘土土壤水吸力与含水量二者的关系相对比较复杂,B5处理在不同吸力范围内出现相反的保水效果,其机理有待进一步研究。

The effects of super absorbent polymer （SAP） in different texture soils （sand ,loam and clay） were stud-ied through the pot experiments .The results showed that ：（1 ） For the change of soil water suction ,the treatments as B5 （added 5 g of SAP）and B10（added 10 g of SAP）were total lower than the CK as B0 without SAP in sand and loam soils . But with the increase of SAP ,the water suction was not showed the reduce trend ,for the sand soil it was total＆lt;30 .4 kPa and for the loam soil it was total＆lt;80 kPa .The clay soil was showed the similar change of sand soil within the lower scope of water suction .The effect of each treatment was showed not obvious when the water suction was more than 30 kPa . （2 ） For the soil moisture content ,the treatment as B10 of sandy soil was significantly higher than other treatments . However ,when comprehensively considered the water suction and water content ,though the soil moisture supply proper-ties was stronger for the treatment as B10 in sand soil less than 15 kPa of water suction ,but the soil moisture retention property was become poor .For the treatment as B1 ,the water retention property was rather good ,soil moisture supply property was kept in water available scope for crop .The effect of treatment for loam soil was less than the sand soil ,un-der the same water suction of loam soil ,the water content of treatment as B5 was throughout at the high level ,total was〉19% ,also showed rather high soil moisture retention and water supply properties at less than 30 kPa .Both the rela-tionships of soil water suction and water content in clay soil was relatively complex .The treatment as B5 was showed in opposite effects of water retention property at different water suction range , its mechanism was needed for further re-search .