田间土壤水分运动规律和水分利用效率的系统动力学分析

System Dynamics Analyses of Movement Iaws and Water Use Efficiencies of Field Soil Water

田间水循环包括降水、灌溉、蒸散发、地下水补给,深层渗漏、地表径流等过程,极其复杂。系统动力学具有处理非线性、多变量、信息反馈、时变动态性的特征,最适于研究复杂系统的行为。因此,基于中国科学院禹城综合试验站的田间水量平衡关系,把模型应用于小麦、玉米和棉花。通过长期模拟,揭示系统行为的长期变化趋势,表明模型可以较准确模拟作物田间土壤水平衡系统及其各组成部分。

Field water cycle is very complex dynamic cycle processes including precipitation, irrigation, actual evapotranspiration, capillary rise, percolation, surface runoff, etc. System dynamics（ SD） is one of the most suitable methods available to simulate and quantify the behavior of complex systems due to its non-linear, multivariable, information feedback and temporally changing characteristics.Therefore, based on the field water balance relationship of Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station（ YCES） of the Chinese Academy of Sciences（ CAS）, the model is applied to winter wheat, summer maize and cotton. Long-term changing trend of the system was revealed through simulation, which showed that the model could simulate the dynamics of water balance componentsrelatively accurately.