乡镇卫生院卫技人员工作压力与离职意愿

Work stress and turnover intention among health workers in township health centers

目的分析乡镇卫生院卫生技术人员(以下简称卫技人员)工作压力和离职意愿现状,探讨工作压力对离职意愿的影响。方法对山东、安徽、陕西3省45家乡镇卫生院的803名卫技人员进行问卷调查。结果工作压力源得分最高的4项依次为收入与福利(3.71±1.12)分,职业发展前景(3.49±1.16)分,工作负荷(3.46±1.14)分,医患关系(3.09±1.31)分;离职意愿得分为(2.98±1.15)分,有39.1%的人员有离职意愿;与同事和领导的关系、收入与福利、职业发展前景、工作与家庭生活的冲突4项工作压力源对离职意愿的影响有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论应通过多方面措施缓解卫技人员工作压力,尤其需改善收入和福利、提供更多的职业发展机会,从而降低其离职意愿。

Objective To analyze current situation of work stress and turnover intention among health workers in township health centers and to explore the relation between work stress and turnover intention. Methods Totally 803 health workers from 45 township hospitals were selected to fill out a questionnaire. Results The four highest score of work stressor were income and welfare （3. 71 ± 1.12 ） ,development opportunity （3. 49 ±1.16）, workload （3. 46 ± 1.14） ,and doctor-patient relationship （3.09 ± 1.31 ）. The score of turnover intention was 2. 98 ± 1. 15. The influence of four work stressors （relationship with leader and coworker,income and welfare, development opportunity, and the conflict between work and life） on turnover intention was statistically significant. Conclusion Multiple steps, especially improving in- come and welfare and providing more development opportunities, should be taken to alleviate the work stress among health workers in township health care centers.