广东省2004-2013年疟疾流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Guangdong province,2004-2013

目的分析和总结2004—2013年广东省疟疾流行特点,为广东省消除疟疾提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制中心疾病监测信息报告管理系统收集2004—2013年广东省网络报告疟疾病例数据,并进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2004—2013年广东省共报告疟疾1 253例,年平均发病率为0.135 1/10万;全省21个地级市、106个县(市、区)均有报告疟疾病例,主要分布在深圳、广州和东莞,共报告疟疾653例,占全省病例数的52.11%(653/1 253);全年每月均有病例报告,无明显的季节分布;男女性别比为3.76∶1;病例的年龄分布主要集中在20~50岁,占总病例数的占72.39%,发病以工人、农民和民工为主,三者占总数的49.72%;2011—2013年广东省报告的413例疟疾病例,其主要输入来源地区为非洲和亚洲,分别占总发病数的78.21%和14.77%。结论 2004—2013年广东省疟疾疫情相对稳定,但是输入性疟疾病例的诊断和治疗将成为疟疾预防控制的工作重点。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Guangdong province in recent ten years and to provide evidences for the eradication of malaria in Guangdong province. Methods Data on malaria cases in Guangdong province during the period of 2004 to 2013 were collected through the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epide- miological characteristics of the malaria cases reported. Results A total of 1 253 malaria cases were reported from 2004 to 2013 in the province, with an annual mean incidence of 0. 1351 per 100 thousands. There were cases reported in 21 cit- ies and 106 counties（ districts ）in the province and a majority part of the cases（ 653,52. 11% ）were reported in Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Dongguan city. The cases were reported every month during the period, without obvious seasonal peak. The ratio of male to female was 3.76：1 （X2 = 35. 586 ,P 〈0.05 ）. The age of the cases distributed mainly around the ages of 20- 50 years （907,72. 39% ）. The three major occupations of the cases were worker, farmer, and n^grant worker （623,49.72%）. Among the reported cases ,413 were imported cases with initial incidence in Africa（ 323,78. 21% ）and other Asian countries（61,14. 77% ） from 2011 to 2013. Conclusion The malaria epidemic in Guangdong province is relatively stable during 2004 -2013. But the diagnosis and treatment of imported malaria cases will be the focus for ma- laria prevention and control.