不同灌水处理对灰枣产量、水分利用效率及品质的影响研究

Effect of Different Irrigation Treatments on Yield,Water use Efficiency and Quality of Gray Jujube

研究不同灌水处理对灰枣产量、水分利用效率及品质的影响。以新疆阿克苏的灰枣为试验材料,考虑灌水定额和滴头流量两个因素,设置4个不同的灌水处理进行大田试验。滴头流量相同时,灰枣全生育期的耗水量随着灌水定额的增大呈先增大后趋于平缓的趋势,当灌水定额相同时,增大滴头流量会增加灰枣全生育期的耗水量;滴头流量相时,灰枣产量及枣果品质中除总酸含量及单果重外均随着灌水定额的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,灌溉水利用效率呈现逐渐减小的趋势,当灌水定额相同时,红枣产量与水分利用效率,总糖含量,商品率均随着滴头流量的增大而增加,但上述各指标除总糖含量外在a=0.05的显著水平下均无显著性差异。综合产量、品质及水分利用效率等指标,较优处理为灌水定额30mm,滴头流量为3.75L/h。

In order to make a full understanding of the effect of different irrigation treatments on yield, water use efficiency and quality of Gray Jujube, Gray Jujube trees in Aksu, Xinjiang were chosen as material, and a field experiment was carried out under different irrigation quota and emitter flow rate. The results showed that water consumption of Gray jujube trees during the whole growth periods increased first and then remained unchanged with the increase of the irrigation quota under the same emitter flow rate, and it increased with the increase of the emitter flow rate under the same irrigation quota. Yield and all the quality indexes except total acid content and single fruit weight （including content of vitamin C, total content of soluble sugar, commodity rate） increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota. Yield, water use efficiency （WUE）, total content of soluble sugar, commodity rate of Grey jujube increased with the increasing of the emitter low rate under the same irrigation quota. But there was no significant difference for all the indexes under the significance level a=5% for each treatment except for total content of soluble sugar. Syntheti- cally considering yield, quality and WUE of Grey jujube, the best treatment was that the irrigation quota was 30 mm and the emitter flow rate was 3. 75 L/h.