《本草纲目》中奇方异药的巫术根源

Witchcraft as the Source of Odd Medicine in Compendium of Materia Medica

中国古代奇方异药甚多,而《本草纲目》作为中医药之集大成著作,总汇前人,给我们一个极好的机会览其大观。中华文明肇自巫术,中医随之而生,虽绵延发展但不脱旧迹,所谓奇方异药其实是巫术的遗影。后巫觋虽渐渐隐至幕后(并非消失),但许多内容渗入宗教与博物学,于此二者,包括《本草纲目》在内的许多药学著作吸收甚多,巫术遂从此途径影响中医药。古代中医历经千年发展,终难脱巫术气息,所以钱学森认为中医乃自然哲学的一种,尚未达到现代科学的范畴。

There are many odd medicines in ancient China, while Compendium ofMateria Medlca as the col- lection of traditional Chinese medicine is compiled on the studies of predecessors and provides a good revision for traditional Chinese medicine. The Chinese civilization starts from witchcraft, which nourishes Chinese medicine. With the constant development, Chinese medicine still can＇t get away from the influence of witchcraft, so many odd prescriptions are from the evolution of witchcraft. Though witches and wizards gradually hid behind （they didn＇t disappear）, they still influenced religion and natural history and then the influence spread into Chinese medicine including medicine books like Compendium of Materia Medica. Therefore, through thousands of years＇ evolution, Chinese medicine still can＇ t get rid of witchcraft, Qian Xue - sen believes traditional Chinese medi- cine as one kind of natural philosophy hasn＇ t reached the category of modem science.