社保制度中的政府与市场——兼论中国PPP导向的改革

The Government and the Market in Social Security System—— A Discuss about China's PPP-Oriented Reform

政府和市场的关系问题是一个永恒的新话题,而清晰地界定社会保障制度中政府的角色地位,对于未来社保体系改革十分关键。考虑到社保制度中政府和市场关系具有特殊性,本文基于国际社保制度的演进历史,总结了社保制度的演化逻辑,指出未来国际和国内改革的取向应该是"有效政府+有效市场"的组合,公私合作(PPP)应是改革的目标模式。结合中国实践的特殊性,本文分析总结了中国社保改革路径和取向的特殊性,并着重讨论了PPP导向的改革将会面临的挑战,期冀为未来的改革实践提供参考。

Exploring a desirable combination of the government with the market is an eternal topic. Defining the role position of the government clearly in the social security system is the key to the success of the reform of the social security system in the future. Considering the particularity of the relationship between the government and the market in the social security system, this paper conducts a systematic examination into the developmental history of international social security systems. The logic behind the evolution of the social security system is then summarized. The paper concludes that the trend of both the international and domestic reforms should be the combination of an efficient government and an efficient market, and the objective pattern of the social security system should be public-private partnership （PPP）. The particularity of the route and orientation of China＇ s reform is analyzed, and the challenges to PPP-oriented reform are also discussed so as to solve the problems faced by China＇ s social security system.