《古文辞类纂》编纂体例之文体学意义

The Stylistic Significance of the Compilation Format of The Classified Compilation of Ancient Articles

在中国文学史上,《古文辞类纂》"序目"首次明确融序言、序题、目录于一体,在介绍体例、列举目录的同时开展文学批评,不仅确立了一种书籍编纂新形式,也确立了一种新的文学批评体式。此书文体分类的特色是以文体功用为纲,以具体文体为目,故起了执简驭繁、纲举目张之效。这种"类纂"体例,尽管有简明、清晰的优势,但不能全面囊括、体现中国古代的文体谱系,在实际选文归类中也有可议之处,反映出古代文体分类学普遍存在的问题。此书选文"不载史传",这是自《文选》之后,特别是明清以来一种严格区分史部、集部内容的文体学主流学术传统。

The table of contents of The Classified Compilation of Ancient Articles （《古文辞类纂》 ）, for the first time in the history of Chinese literature, had the preface, titles and contents incorporated into one body, which introduced the compilation format, listed the contents, and made literary criticism. This not only established a new form for book compilation, but also established a new mode of literary criticism. The characteristic of this kind of stylistic classification took the stylistic function as the major link and the concrete style as the minor link, thus having the effect of changing from complexity to simplicity. Although this format of classified compilation had its advantages of simplicity and limpidity, it could not completely include and embody the style genealogy in ancient China. There were some disputes in the practice of selecting and classifying articles, reflecting the problems generally existing in the stylistic classification in ancient China. The selected articles of this book did not include historical biography, which was the mainstream academic tradition of stylistics after the publication of The Selected Works （《文选》 ） compiled by Xiao Tong（ 南朝萧统 ） , and especially after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, to strictly distinguish the contents between the section of history and the section of verse and prose anthology.