基于BSC和AHP的军医大学科研绩效评价指标体系构建

Design of evaluation index system of scientific research performance based on the Balanced Score Card and Analytic Hierarchy Process in military medical universities

目的 军医大学科研绩效评价指标体系的构建、权重确定及实证对比研究.方法 通过文献研究,将平衡计分卡（Balanced Score Card,简称BSC）应用于科研绩效评价指标的设计,初步确立军医大学科研绩效评价指标体系,并采用德尔菲法（Delphi Method）确立最终的评价指标.基于层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process,简称AHP）中Saaty权重法设计权重判断表,确定各级指标权重.用数理统计的方法建立群组决策模型,求出综合权重.最后,将三级指标中的部分定性指标定量化,并收集两个科室近两年来的科研绩效数据,对体系的适用性进行评价.结果 构建了一套全面反映军医大学科研绩效的评价指标体系,共有四个维度,一级指标8个,二级指标22个,三级指标50个,并确定了各级指标权重.实证研究显示,在综合水平方面,B科室高于A科室.但在四维度上大家均各有所长,A科室在传统的科研投入产出方面与B科室相比有较大差距;在客户和内部流程两方面分值比较接近;在学习与成长方面,2013年A科室略微落后于B科室,但在2014年反而超越了B科室.结论 基于平衡计分卡和层次分析法原理的指标体系设计集长期指标和短期指标、财务指标和非财务指标、显性指标和隐性指标为一体,定性与定量评价相结合,采用科学有效的咨询、分析和计算方法,结果真实可信.在体系的适用性方面,基于BSC的科研绩效评价体系相较于传统的绩效评价,能更好更全面的反映各科室的科研水平、团队创新能力和可持续发展趋势.

Objective To design an evaluation index system of scientific research performance in military medical universities and determine the weights of these indexs.Methods Through literature study,the Balanced Scorecard Card （BSC） is used to preliminarily design the evaluation index system of scientific research performance in military medical universities.And then the Delphi Method is used to finalize the valuation indexs.The weights of valuation indexes at all levels are determined based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）.The comprehensive weight is determined by math-statistical method.Finally,we quantify the qualitative indicators of third-level indicators,collect the data on scientific research performance of two departments in recent two years and evaluate the applicability of the system.Results A systematic and comprehensive evaluation system which can reflect the scientific research performance in military medical universities,comprise 8 first-level indicators,22 secondlevel indicators and 50 third-level indicators.The weights of valuation indexes at all levels have been determined.The empirical study shows that in the comprehensive level of B department is higher than that of A.But each department has its strengths in the aspects of four dimensions.For example,compared to the score of B department,the score of A department is significantly lower in the aspect of traditional scientific input and output,comparable in the two aspects of customers and internal processes,slightly lower in 2013 but higher in 2014 in the aspect of learning and growth.Conclusions The evaluation index system of scientific research performance based on the BSC and AHP comprise long term and short-term indicators,financial and non-financial indicators,explicit and implicit indicators,qualitative and quantitative indicators.Through using the scientific consultation,analysis and calculation methods,the evaluation index system is proved to be valid and reliable.Compared to the traditional evaluation system of scientific research performance,the evaluation system based on the BSA can better and more comprehensively reflect the level of scientific research,innovation ability and sustainable development trend of a department in the aspcet of applicability.