共模故障的预防以及故障因子的估计

Preventing of Common Mode Failure and Estimating of Fault Factor

冗余结构的存在使安全性和可用性都得到了大幅提高,然而同时也产生了共模故障。故障事件不再被认为是独立的事件,而是由空间、环境、设计以及人为因素等造成的相依故障事件,共模故障会降低系统安全性和平均无故障运行时间,在分析设计系统的可靠性时也要计算共模故障概率,根据导致共模故障的原因寻找出预防其发生的方法。主要介绍了共模故障的模型、预防规则以及共模故障因子(β)的估计方法,使工程设计的计算更加精确。

Safety and availability have been improved greatly because of redundant structure, while with generation of common mode failure. The breakdown incidents are no longer regarded as individual incident, but interdependent incidents with space, environment, design and human factors. The common mode failure will decrease system safety and average no-fault running time. The common mode failure probability needs to be calculated during system reliability analysis and design. Preventing solution has to be defined according to causes of common fault failure. Common mode failure models, prevention rules and estimation methods of beta factor for common mode failure are introduced in this paper to make the calculation of engineering design more accurate.