基于电路仿真的桥丝式电火工品静电危害预测

Electrostatic Hazard Prediction of Bridge Wire Electro Explosive Device Based on the Circuit Simulation

为研究电火工品(EED)发火件材料对静电泄放(ESD)条件的响应规律及其在静电环境下的损伤情况,引用美国电气和电子工程师协会(IEEE)标准和Sandia实验室标准的静电放电模型,仿真和分析了不同静电高压条件放电模型的静电泄放过程。确定了放电产生的能量,与典型电火工品中的发火材料的物理形态转换特性能量进行了对比分析。推算了ESD对典型EED的损伤情况。结果表明,泄放电流峰值随静电初始电压升高而增大,但电流波形的其它参数不变。对于40μm直径的镍铬桥丝和斯蒂芬酸铅组成的发火元件,IEEE标准ESD模型在初始电压为20 k V时桥丝温度可达到焊锡熔点、药剂分解温度和燃爆点,40 k V可使桥丝熔断,而Sandia实验室标准ESD模型在20 k V时桥丝温度可达到焊锡熔点,25 k V可到达到药剂分解温度和燃爆点,50 k V达到桥丝熔点。

The response regulations of electrostatic discharge（ESD） conditions for firing device materials of an electric explosive device（EED） and its damages under an electrostatic environment were studied.The ESD process for discharge models under different high static voltage conditions was simulated and analyzed by the ESD models from Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers（IEEE） standard and Sandia laboratory standard.Energy values produced by discharge were determined and compared and analyzed with those of physical form transformation property of firing materials in a typical EED.The damage situation of ESD to a typical EED was predicted.Results show that peak discharge current increases with increasing the initial electrostatic voltage,while the other parameters of current waveform unchanges.For a typical firing device consisting of Ni-Cr bridge wire with a diameter of 40 μm and lead styphnat,the temperature in bridge wire can reach the melting point of tin solder,decomposition and ignition points of explosive at the initial voltage of 20 kV,making bridge wire fuse at 40 kV in IEEE standard.ESD model;while in Sandia laboratory standard ESD model,the temperature in bridge wire can reach the melting point of tin solder at 20 kV,decomposition and ignition points of explosive at 25 kV and melting point of bridge wire at 50 kV.