不同供磷水平对水稻干物质累积、磷素吸收分配及产量的影响

Effect of Different Phosphorus Application on Dry Matter Accumulation,Phosphorus Uptake and Distribution and Yield of Rice

本文通过田间试验研究了不同供磷水平对吉林省水稻干物质积累、养分吸收分配及产量的影响。结果表明,施磷可显著提高水稻产量,依据产量(y,kg/hm2)与施磷量(x,kg/hm2)关系建立线性加平台方程得出最高产量的施磷量为106.7 kg/hm2,产量为10 687 kg/hm2。水稻不同生育阶段干物质和磷素的积累和分配趋势一致,P120处理的干物质积累量和磷素于抽穗期后均为最大。施磷可显著提高茎鞘中磷素的转运量,P120处理茎鞘和叶片磷转运量、转运率、籽粒贡献率均为最大。水稻的磷肥偏生产力、磷肥农学利用效率、磷肥当季回收率均随着施磷量的增加呈显著下降的趋势。综合产量与效益、养分吸收及磷肥利用效率等因素,采用最佳经济磷肥用量134.0 kg/hm2较为适宜。

Effect of phosphate fertilizer application levels on the dry matter accumulation and the nutrient dis- tribute of rice was studied by field experiments in Jilin Province. The results showed that application of phosphorus fertilizer increased grain yield significantly. According to linear and platform equation of yield and P application, maximum yield was 10 687kg/hm^2 when phosphorus fertilizer were 106.7 kg/hm^2. The trend of shoot dry matter and phosphorus accumulation of rice was the same at different growth stage. The shoot dry matter and phosphorus accu- mulation of P120 treatment was the maximum after heading. The P translocation amount of steam sheath increased sig- nificantly by application of phosphorus fertilizer. The P translocation amount, translocation rate and rate of grain contribution of P120 treatment was the maximum. The P partial fertilizer productivity, P agricultural efficiency and P recovery efficiency of rice decreased significantly ＂with the increase of phosphorus application. Combined the yield and benefit, nutrition absorption and P fertilizer use efficiency, the optimal economic phosphate application was 134.0 kg/hm^2.