氮肥失衡对玉米灌浆速率及产量的影响

Effect of Unbalanced Nitrogen on Grain Filling Rate and Yield of Maize

本试验采用随机区组设计,研究氮肥失衡对玉米灌浆速率及产量的影响,结果表明,与常量氮肥处理相比,无氮肥处理的干物重受氮肥影响很大,吐丝后15 d,干物重比其低37.8%,后期相差更大;除穗行数外,其他因素及产量的差异达到极显著水平,产量比其低68.3%,子粒氮素累积量比其低76.5%,灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率减小,最大灌浆速率出现的时间提前,活跃灌浆期缩短13 d左右;而与常量氮肥处理相比,高量氮肥处理的干物重受氮肥影响较小,可增加的干物重有限,产量仅比其高4.2%,子粒氮素累积量比其高19.5%,最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率有所提高,最大灌浆速率出现的时间提前,活跃灌浆期缩短。

Adopting random block design, effect of unbalanced nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and grain filling rate of maize was studied. The results showed that compared with normal nitrogen fertilizer application, dry matter accumulation of the treatment which was no nitrogen fertilizer application was greatly affected. 15 days after silking stage, dry matter accumulation of the no nitrogen fertilizer application treatment decreased by 37.8% of the control. Later, the difference of both enlarged. Except for rows per ear, the difference of other factors of yield and yield of no nitrogen fertilizer application compared with normal nitrogen fertilizer application was very significant level. Yield decreased 68.3%, N accumulation of grain decreased 76.5%. The maximum grain filling and mean grain filling rate decreased. The time of maximum grain filling appeared earlier. Active grain filling period shortened ap- proximately 13 days. Compared with normal nitrogen fertilizer application, dry matter accumulation of the high nitro- gen treatment was affected a little, which increased a little. Yield increased 4.2%, N accumulation of grain in- creased 19.5%. The maximum grain filling and mean grain filling rate increased a little. The time of maximum grain filling appeared earlier. Active grain filling period shortened.