阴非离子型表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Study on Synthesis and Properties of Anionic-nonionic Surfactants

以烷基酚为起始原料,经聚合和羧甲基化反应合成了系列烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐。通过单因素实验,得出羧甲基化最佳合成条件为:反应温度95℃,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、氯乙酸及氢氧化钠物质的量比为1∶2∶4,反应时间6h,产品产率达80%以上。采用红外光谱和核磁共振对产物进行了结构表征。性能实验结果表明:这类表面活性剂分子中的阴离子头基和非离子嵌段提高了其耐温抗盐性,从而赋予其优良的驱油性能。

The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate surfactants were synthesized through carboxy methylation and polymerization with alkylphenol as raw material. The optimum reaction conditions gained through single factor experiments were as follows： reaction temperature was 95℃ , n（alkylphenol poiyoxy- ethylene ether） ： n（NaOH） ： n（chloroacetie acid） = 1 ： 2 ： 4, and reaction time was 6 h. The yield of an- ionie-nonionic surfactant was above 80 %. The structure of the product was characterized by IR and NMR. It was found that the nonionic block and anionic head group in the structure of this kind of surfactants could raise their thermal stability and salt tolerance, showing excellent oil displacement properties.