健康教育和电话随访对无呼吸道症状吸烟者肺功能的影响

Influence of health education and telephone follow-up on lung function in smokers without respiratory symptoms

目的探讨健康教育和电话随访对无呼吸道症状吸烟者肺功能的影响。方法该院2009年4月至2014年4月进行体检的102例无明显呼吸道症状的男性吸烟者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各51例,对照组无任何干预措施,观察组给予健康教育和电话随访干预,比较2组研究对象干预期间的吸烟情况,以及干预前后肺功能参数。结果干预后观察组各个时间点吸烟减量率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.955,8.143,6.557,5.263,5.132,P<0.05);戒烟率也均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.258,9.830,9.714,9.487,10.427,P<0.05)。干预后观察组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC、呼气峰流速(PEF)、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)、用力呼气75%肺活的瞬间流量(MEF75)、用力呼气50%肺活量的瞬间流量(MEF50)、用力呼气25%肺活量的瞬间流量(MEF25)、MEF75/MEF25较干预前无明显改变,差异无统计学意义(t=1.47,1.92,1.73,1.61,1.80,3.46,5.15,3.44,4.12,P>0.05);但均较对照组有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(t=3.24,4.08,3.457,4.03,P<0.05)。结论健康教育和电话随访可提高吸烟减量率和戒烟率,明显改善无症状吸烟者肺功能。

Objective To explore the effect of health education and telephone follow-up on lung function in smokers without respiratory symptoms.Methods 102 cases of smokers without significant respiratory symptoms in April 2009 to April 2014 in this hospital were as the research object,they were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 51 cases in each group,the control group didn′t used intervention while the observation group was given health education and telephone follow-up intervention,smoking of the two groups during the intervention and pulmonary function parameters before and after the intervention were compared and analyzed.ResultsSmoking reduction rate of the observation group at each time point was higher than the control group,there was significant difference between the groups（χ2=8.955,8.143,6.557,5.263,5.132,P〈0.05）;smoking cessation rates were significantly higher than those in control group,there was significant difference between the groups（χ2=5.258,9.830,9.714,9.487,10.427,P 0.05）.After the intervention,FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,MVV,MEF75,MEF50,MEF25,MEF575/MEF25 of the observation group had no significant change,when compared with those before treatment,there was no significant difference（t=1.47,1.92,1.73,1.61,1.80,3.46,5.15,3.44,4.12,P〈0.05）;and both were significantly improved than the control group,the differences were statistically significant（t=3.24,4.08,3.457,4.03,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Health education and telephone follow-up can improve smoking reduction rate and quit smoking rate it can significantly improve lung function in smokers without symptoms that is worthy of clinical application.