高速车辆横向振动耦合机制形成的主要因素

Study of Main Factors in Forming Lateral Vibration Coupling Mechanism of High-Speed Rolling Stock

与快铁运用模式不同,高铁运用模式更加强调安全冗余.因而降低蛇行振荡参振质量应当作为高速转向架设计的基本原则.横向振动耦合机制是高铁车辆振动行为的基本规律,其形成具有以下2个主要因素:即轮对(强)迫导向定位形式和抗蛇行高频阻抗作用,两者导致车体摇头大阻尼特征,造成车体对后位转向架接口的横向高频扰动增强,进而构成了横向振动传递媒介.同时这2个因素也是参振质量降低的必要技术条件.降低纵向定位刚度或最小等效锥度,将违背高速转向架的降低参振质量基本原则.因而在350 km/h标准动车组及其技改中,必须实施抗蛇行宽频带吸能机制原始技术创新.

Defferent from the rapid rail practice,safety margin is stressed more in high-speed rail practice.Reducing general mass of hunting oscillations should be therefore regarded as the primary principle of highspeed bogie design. The lateral vibration coupling mechanism is then the basic regulation of high-speed rolling stock vibrating behaviors,which is formed by the wheelset force-steering positioning mode and anti-hunting high-frequency impedance. The two factors result in the characteristics of carbody yaw overdamped,consequently the high-frequency disturbances are enhanced in the interface of carbody to rear bogie,and the transmitting media of lateral vibrations are further built up. The two factors are also the necessary conditions to reduce general mass. It is out of general mass reduction primary principle by decreasing the longitudinal stiffness of wheelset poisoning or decreasing the minimum equivalent conicity. So the original technical innovation of anti-hunting wide absorbing-band mechanism should be implemented for the 350 km / h standard trainset and relevant technical improvements.