旱柳无性系在富营养化水体中的生长及去除氮磷能力

Growth and Nutrition Removal of Salix matsudana Clone Seedlings in Eutrophic Water

【目的】比较旱柳无性系的生长以及对水体中氮、磷去除效果,以筛选出处理富营养化水体效果较好的无性系。【方法】利用8个旱柳无性系在富营养化水体中进行静态培养试验,研究各无性系的形态特征、叶绿素相对含量指数、对营养元素的吸收以及对废水中氮、磷的去除效率。【结果】旱柳无性系在整个试验期间生长良好,无死亡现象。各无性系最终生物量、苗高和相对生长率有显著差异,其中,旱59和旱97整体表现最好。旱柳无性系对富营养化水体中氮、磷吸收较好,地上部分营养元素浓度较高。旱柳各无性系对总氮、氨氮和硝态氮的去除效率分别为87.17%96.94%、90.35%99.33%和66.66%88.19%,对总磷的去除效率为76.59%83.15%,无性系旱13总的去除效率最高。【结论】参试8个旱柳无性系均能在富营养化水体中正常生长,但各无性系在富营养化水体中的生长响应有较大差异。综合多个指标并结合长期野外试验观察,旱13、旱59、旱97是适合修复富营养化水体的较好材料。

Objective The aim of the study was to screen out the proper clones for eutrophication treatment. Method A riparian plant-based wastewater treatment was carried out to investigate the plant growth, nutrient up- take, and nutrient removal efficiency of eight Salix matsudana clones in eutrophic water. Result S. matsudana grew good during the experiment, and had no phenomenon of death. At the end of experiment, the height, biomass and relative growth rate were significantly different among the clones of S. matsudana. Clone 59 and 97 were per- formed best among the clones. The results indicated that S. matsudana could accumulate high concentration of N and P in above-ground tissues under conditions of abundant supply. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the treated eutrophic water decreased during the experiment. The total nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate nitrogen re- moval rates were from 87.17% to 96.94%, 90.35% to 99.33% and 66.66% to 88.19%, respectively. The re- moval rate of phosphorus was from 76.59% to 83.15%. The nutrition removal rates of S. matsudana clone 13 were higher than that of other clones. Conclusion The approach of clone characterisation used here rapidly generated a high quantity of growth-physiological information on clone performance and characteristics under eutrophication con- ditions. According to the results, S. matsudana clone 13, 59, and 97 which performed good under the eutrophica- tion condition, had great potential application for water purification in remediation of eutrophic water bodies.