12个山茶属植物花的挥发性物质研究

Study on the Volatile Components in Flowers of 12 Camellia Species

应用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用方法,对贵州、云南两省12种山茶属植物物种及类型花的挥发性物质及其相对含量进行分析。共分离鉴定出237种挥发性化合物,占总挥发性化合物种类的99.58%。主要包括醛类、酮类、醇类、酯类、萜烯类、烷烃类、酸类及其他类等8类化合物。以怒江山茶花的挥发物种类最多(88种),离蕊金花茶最少(41种)。有51种化合物为12个物种及类型中的多数植物所共有。其中,100%共有的5种;90%共有的8种;80%共有的10种;70%共有的10种;50%共有的18种;50%以下共有的100种。有86种化合物为各物种所独有。归类分析表明,醇类比例最高,达29.87%;萜烯类次之,为27.79%;再次为酯类,为22.48%。化合物中相对含量第1为L-芳樟醇,相对含量达75.94%;第2为(Z)-3-己烯酯,为42.48%;第3为庚烷-2-酮,为31.67%;第4为(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇和(S)-2-庚醇,分别达23.79%和20.95%。

The volatile components in the flowers of 12 Camellia species were extracted by using headspace solid- phase micro-extraction （HS-SPME） and then analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. As the results, 234 compounds were identified, accounting for 99.58% of the total volatile compounds, mainly in- cluding aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, terpenes, hydrocarbons, acids and others. The highest number of the volatile compounds （88） were found in Camellia saluenensis Stapf ex Bean, and the least （41） were found in Ca- mellia liberofilamenta Chang et C. H. Yang. 51 types of compounds were found in most plants of 12 species, among which 5 compounds were owned by 100% , 8 compounds were owned by 90%, 10 compounds were owned by 80% , 10 compounds were owned by 70% , and 18 compounds were owned by 50% of the total plants, respectively. 100 compounds were owned by less than 50% of the total plants. 86compounds were unique for different species. Clas- sification analysis showed that the content of alcohol compounds were the highest （29.87%）, followed by terpene （ 27.79% ） and esters （22.48%）. L-Linaloo was the compounds with the highest relative amount （75.94%）, followed by （Z）-3-Hexenyl acetate （42.48%）, Heptan-2-one （ 31.67%）, （ Z ） -3-Hexen-l-ol （ 23.79% ）, and （S） -2-Heptanol （20.95%）.