吉林省镍矿区玉米体内重金属累积分布规律及其与土壤重金属全量的关系

矿山开采和7台炼可对矿区土壤造成不同程度的重金属污染。为了明确吉林省镍矿区耕地土壤／植物体系中重金属的迁移累积规律，在吉林省镍矿区采集了27个区域的土壤和玉米植株样品。结果表明，吉林省镍矿区土壤pH为5．00～6．82，有机质的含量为2．79％～7．93％，部分采样点的Cd和Pb超出吉林省土壤背景值，大部分采样点的Cu和Ni超出吉林省土壤背景值，所有采样点的zn超出吉林省土壤背景值。玉米籽粒中cd和Ph未栓出，玉米茎中cd未检出，27个采样点中有23个采样点的玉米籽粒Ni含量超过我国粮食及制品中重金属限量标准（NY861—2004），而仅有4个采样点的籽粒zn含量超过我国限量标准，所有采样点的籽粒Cu含量明显低于我国限量标准。随土壤重金属全量增加，玉米根Cd，Cu，Ni，Pb和Zn含量均呈增加趋势，其中根Cd，Cu，Ni含量与土壤重金属Cd，Cu，Ni全量呈显著正相关，而根Pb和zn含量与土壤重金属Pb和Zn全量相关性不显著。

Mining and smelting can cause different degrees pollution of heavy metal in mining soils. In order to clear the migration and accumulation patterns of heavy metals in the system of farmland soil/plant in Jilin nickel mine area, the 27 samples of soil and maize plants were collected in the nickel mine of Jilin Province in this paper. The results showed that the soil pH in the nickel mine zone of Jilin province is 5.00-6.82, the contents of organic matter was 2.79%- 7.93%. The contents of Cd and Pb in the part of the sampling points exceeded the soil background values of Jilin Province, the contents of Cu and Ni in most of the sampling point exceeded the soil background values of Jilin Province, and the content of Zn in all sampling points exceeded the soil background value of Jilin Province. Cadmium and Pb were not detected in maize grain, and Cd was also not detected in maize stems. Of 27 sampling points, the content of Ni in maize grain from 23 sampling points were higher than that of the Limit Criteria of Chinese Food and Products for Heavy Metals （NY 861-2004）, the content of Zn in grain from 4 sampling points higher than that of the Limit Standard, the content of Cu in grains from all sampling points, however, was significantly lower than that of the Limit Standard. The contents of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in root increased with the increasing of the total content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively, there were the significant positive correlations for Cd, Cu and Ni, nevertheless, the correlations for Pb and Zn were not significant.