新民事诉讼法视野下的法院诉前证据保全

Pretrial Evidence Preservation of the Court Based on the New Civil Procedure Law

2012年新修正的《民事诉讼法》确立了法院对于一般民事案件的诉前证据保全,我国证据保全制度日趋体系化。然而,涉及诉前证据保全的各规范性文件在管辖、申请要件、担保问题上的规定却不一致;其程序设置、保全证据的效力也不明确,还存在将证据保全与民事保全相混同的问题。为此,应当转变理念,凸显当事人的程序主体地位,统一立法规定,确立证据保全制度的独立地位,加强程序保障,明确保全证据的效力,以期在实践中更好地发挥诉前证据保全制度的功能。

The Law of Civil Procedure which was amended in 2012 has established pretrial evidence preserva-tion for general civil cases , thus the system of evidence preservation in China is more systematic .However , we have to admit some problems：those relevant regulatory documents are in consistent in terms of the jurisdiction , the application requirements and the guarantee;the procedure setting rules and validity of the evidence preservation are not clear;the evidence preservation is often confused with the civil security .Therefore, it is necessary for us to change our concepts and to emphasize the status of procedural subject of two parties .Besides, we should make con-sistent legislation over this issue ,make sure the independent status and the legal validity of the preservation of evi-dence and strengthen the procedural guarantee .Only in this way , can the evidence preservation perform its function well in practice .