耐强酸腐蚀超声波换能器

Acid-Corrosion-Resistant Ultrasonic Transducer

设计并制作了一种用于强酸性输液系统除垢的超声波换能器。利用聚丙烯管道组装的静态流体超声场强测试系统研究了影响超声传播的因素。结果表明,使用陶瓷超声发射头有利于超声能量向液相传输,随导波棒粗端与陶瓷发射头接触面积增大,超声波能量传输效率提高。结合有限元分析软件确定了换能器的振动节点,优化换能器结构设计。在硫酸、盐酸、硝酸和氢氟酸酸体系中测试了换能器陶瓷超声头的耐酸腐蚀性能。实验结果显示,主晶相w(Al2O3)>75%、碱金属和碱土金属氧化物总含量小于5%的氧化铝陶瓷超声发射头可以耐受酸度为1.0mol/L硫酸的腐蚀。w(Al2O3)>99%的刚玉陶瓷可用抵御0.5mol/L氢氟酸、或大于1mol/L硫酸的腐蚀。用主晶相w(Al2O3)>75%的氧化铝陶瓷超声发射头,在模拟某锌业公司的实际生产的酸性体系中测试3个月,超声发射头无明显腐蚀。

An ultrasonic transducer was designed and fabricated for prevention and removal of incrustation in the pipe systems, which carried the strong acidic solution. The factors affecting the ultrasonic transmission efficiency were investigated in a static ultrasonic field test system, which was assembled with polypropylene pipes. The results showed that ceramic ultrasound-transmission heads were in favor of the ultrasonic energy transmission. The ultrasonic energy transmission efficiency increased with increasing the connected area between the metal wave-guiding rods and the ceramic ultrasonic radiation heads. The vibration nodes of the transducer were analyzed by a software of finite element analysis to optimize the transducer design. The acid resistance of the ultrasound-transmission ceramic head was investigated in H2SO4, HCl, HNO3 and HF solution, respectively. The results indicated that the alumina ceramic heads with more than 75% Al2O3 crystalline phase and less than 5% alkali and alkaline-earth oxides could resist the corrosion of 1.0 mol/L vitriolic acid solution. The 99% alumina ceramics could withstand the corrosion of 0.5 mol/L HF or 1 mol/L vitriolic acid solutions. After the ceramic ultrasonic radiation heads with w（Al2O3 ） man crystalline phase of greater than 75 % being tested in the solution which was analogy of the electrolysis solution of a zinc company for more than 3 months, no visible corrosion could be found on the ceramic heads.