牛角瓜花粉离体萌发研究

Germination in vitro of Calotropis gigantean pollens

为了探讨牛角瓜花粉离体萌发的最适条件及培养基成分,以2年生牛角瓜新鲜花粉为试材,研究了不同溶液对牛角瓜花粉块壁解离效果的影响情况;还采用离体培养法,研究了不同培养温度和培养时间、不同培养基组分对牛角瓜花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的影响情况。结果显示:以10%的Na OH溶液将牛角瓜花粉块处理10 min的解离效果最好;牛角瓜花粉离体萌发的最适温度为30℃,在此温度条件下培养6 h后其花粉萌发率基本稳定,培养12 h后其花粉管生长最好;蔗糖对牛角瓜花粉萌发率及花粉管长度的影响均较大,硼酸对花粉萌发率及花粉管长度的影响均较小;牛角瓜花粉萌发和花粉管生长的最适培养基为20%蔗糖+0.1%硼酸+5 mg/L氯化钙+15 mg/L 6-BA,在此培养基上并在30℃的温度条件下培养6 h,其花粉萌发率达到94.77%,花粉管长度为11.07 mm。

In order to research the optimal conditions and medium ingredients for germination in vitro of Calotropis gigantean pollen, taking fresh pollens in two-year old plants as materials, the effects of different solutions on dissociation degree of pollinia block were studied. The effects of culture temperature, culture time, and medium ingredients on pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth in C. gigantean were researched by using in vitro culture method. The results showed that： The best dissociation degree was achieved in the treatment of pollinia soaked in 10% NaOH for 10 minutes. The optimum temperature for pollen germination in vitro was 30 ℃, and germination rate was stable after cultured 6 hours and pollen tube grew well after cultured 12 hours at the temperature. The effects of sucrose on pollen germination rate and pollen tube length were greater than boric acid. The pollen germination rate reached 94.77% and the pollen tube length was 11.07 mm after 6 hours cultured on the optimal culture medium supplemented with 20% sucrose, 0.1% boric acid, 5 mg/L calcium chloride and 15 mg/L 6-BA at 30 ℃.