石膏晶须对酚醛泡沫增强及抗开裂性能的研究

Reinforcement and Stress Cracking Resistance Effect of Gypsum Whisker on Phenolic Foam

以硫酸、磷酸、对甲苯磺酸三元复配酸为固化剂,制备了一种可用于外墙保温的酚醛泡沫材料,并采用石膏晶须为无机填料改善其力学性能。结果表明,随着晶须的加入,酚醛泡沫材料的强度、抗开裂性能明显上升,填料质量分数超过10%时,强度有下降的趋势。当填料质量分数为10%时,制备的酚醛泡沫保温板综合性能最好,泡沫12个周期(冷热循环24 h)不开裂,强度可提升27.5%。

This article mainly prepared a kind of phenolic foam material for outer wall thermal insulation with the complex acid of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid as a curing agent and gypsum whisker as inorganic filler to improve the mechanical properties of the phenolic foam. The results revealed that the introduction of gypsum whisker would significantly enhance the tensile strength and the stress cracking resistance of the phenolic foam, while the former showed a downward trend with the mass ratio of gypsum whisker over 10%. When the mass ratio of gypsum whisker was 10% , the phenolic foam had the best overall performance. With this ratio, the phenolic foam maintained its appearance without a crack in 12 cycles （ heat-cool cycle for 24 h） and possessed an increasement of 27.5 % in its tensile strength.