清末民初白话报刊的兴起、发展及影响

The Rise and Development of Vernacular Chinese Newspapers and Periodicals in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

清末民初白话报刊的兴起与发展是20世纪社会变革的产物,同时也促进了社会的变革。甲午战败之后,白话报刊兴起,至维新运动时期,白话报刊掀起第一次高潮。百日维新的失败使白话报刊的发展陷入低谷。清末新政以后,清政府推行兴学堂、办报馆等措施,推动了白话报刊的发展。其间,以留日学生为代表的革命党人、革命派知识分子和其他人士担任了一些重要报刊的主编和主笔,他们借助白话报刊这一平台,传播革命思想和先进文化,不仅将白话报刊的发展推向了新的高潮,促进了辛亥革命,也因为自身的白话报刊编撰实践,为此后的五四文学革命做了必要的人才储备和语言文学变革准备。

The rise and development of vernacular Chinese newspapers and periodicals contributedto the 1911 Revolution as well as was the result of social changes in the 20th century. After the failureof the 1894 War with Japan, vernacular Chinese newspapers and periodicals began to rise and reachedits first peak by the time of Reform Movement. After the defeat of the Hundred-day Reform, the Qinggovernment searched the presses and arrested the writers, plunging these newspapers and periodicalsinto ebbing. Later with the new policies, the Qing government established new schools and openednewspaper offices, which promoted the development of Vernacular Chinese newspapers and periodi-cals. The revolutionaries, intellectuals and so on who were studying in Japan were chief editors andcontributors of some important newspapers and periodicals and spread revolutionary thoughts and ad-vanced cultures through these publications. They pushed the development of Vernacular Chinese news-papers and periodicals into a new peak and contributed to the 1911 Revolution, hut also made prepara-tion for the May 4 Literary Revolution in terms of talented people and language and literature.