广州市海珠区脑卒中患者发病规律及相关因素分析

Analysis on the Incidence Regularity and Related Factors of Patients with Stroke in Haizhu District of Guangzhou

目的探讨广州市海珠区脑卒中患者发病规律及相关因素。方法选取2009年1月至2012年12月广医二院收治的脑卒中患者3 438例为研究对象,对其资料进行回顾性分析。结果缺血性脑卒中患者发病率显著高于出血性脑卒中患者,脑卒中男性患者明显高于女性患者,男性患者的平均年龄明显小于女性;差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。脑卒中患者发病有明显的昼夜及季节规律,缺血性脑卒中发病高峰为双峰,分别为10：00～12：00、16：00～18：00,谷峰间有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;出血性脑卒中发病相对高峰为9：00～12：00。缺血性脑卒中春冬两季相对高发,夏秋两季相对低发;出血性脑卒中季节性规律不明显。结论广州市海珠区脑卒中患者发病有年龄、季节和昼夜发病规律,这可能与当地的气候因素有关。

Objective To investigate the incidence regularity and related factors of patients with stroke in Haizhu district of Guangzhou. Methods 3 438 patients with stroke treated in the hospital from January 2009 to December 2012 were selected, the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke, the incidence of male patients was higher than that of female patients, the average age of male patients was lower than that of female patients, all the difference was statistical（P〈0.05）. The attack of stroke had significant circadian rhythm and seasonal rhythm, the morbidity peak of ischemic stroke was two peaks（10：00 ～ 12：00 and 16：00 ～ 18：00）, the difference was statistical（P〈0.05）; the peak of hemorrhagic stroke was 9：00 ～ 12：00. The ischemic stroke had a relative high-incidence in spring and winter, and had a relative low-incidence in summer and autumn; the seasonality of hemorrhagic stroke was not statistical. Conclusions Stroke patients in Haizhu district of Guangzhou have age rhythm, seasonal rhythm and circadian rhythm, which may have relation with the local climate.