广东省高校离退休老人心理健康状况及相关影响因素

Assessment on the mental health and its influencing factors among the retired elderly from the universities of Guangdong Province

目的为了解广东省高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关影响因素。方法采用整群抽样与分层随机抽样结合的方法,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对广东省412名离退休老人的心理状况进行调查与研究。结果教师组离退休老人SO、OB、IN、DE、AN、HO、PH、PA和PS 9个因子的得分均低于管理组的离退休老人,两组老年人SCL-90量表各维度因子得分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。退休时间、居住情况是影响广东省高校离退休老人心理健康状况的主要因素。结论老年人心理受诸多因素的影响,高校、社区及政府应采取相应有效的措施提高离退休老人的身心健康,最终改善其生活质量。

Objective To study the current situation of mental health and influential factors among retirees from the Guangdong province universities. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used. The Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL -90） was applied to a study sample consisting of 412 retired elderly from the Guangdong province universities. Results The scores of each scale of SCL - 90 of retired teachers were lower than those retired from the management group. The SCL - 90 category score differences between the two groups were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The time elapsed after retirement and living conditions were the main factors influencing mental health. Conclusion The mental health of the retired elderly was affected by many factors. Government and relevant departments should take necessary measures to promote physical and mental health of the retired elderly, and ultimately improve their quality of life.