深圳市医护人员工作特征状况及其影响因素研究

The working characteristics of the health care providers in Shenzhen city and its influencing factors

目的:调查医护人员工作特征现状,并分析其影响因素,为激发医护人员积极的工作心态提供参考。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取深圳市医护人员466名,采用问卷调查获取个人基本情况及工作特征信息,对数据进行描述性分析和Logistic回归分析。结果:医生和护士工作特征得分分别为(38.00±4.31)分、(37.21±3.65)分;其中,工作意义得分分别为(13.20±1.82)分、(13.07±1.79)分,工作压力得分分别为(24.79±3.22)分、(24.14±2.78)分;每周平均工作时间、年收入影响护士对工作意义的认知;婚姻状况、工作年限、每周平均工作时间影响医生对工作意义的认知;学历、工作年限、每周平均工作时间影响护士对工作压力的感知;年龄、学历、工作机构类型影响医生对工作压力的感知。结论:医生工作特征得分高于护士工作特征得分;医护人员对工作意义认知、工作压力感知得分均较高,其中医生工作压力得分高于护士;每周平均工作时间较长、年收入较高的护士,其工作意义认识水平更高;有配偶、工作年限和每周平均工作时间长的医生,其对工作意义认知水平更高;学历高、工作年限和每周平均工作时间较长的护士,其工作压力更大;年龄大、学历高且在医院工作的医生,其工作压力更大。

Objective： To understand the basic characteristics of the health care providers, and analyze its influencing factors, provide a reference for the excitation of its positive work attitude. Methods： Stratified cluster method to extract 466 health care workers, personal basic conditions and operating characteristics of the survey, the data are descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results： The average score of the health care job characteristics were 38.00±4.31, 37.21±3.65; Work meaning scores were 13.20±1.82, 13.07±1.79, work pressure scores were 24.79±3.22, 24.14 ±2.78; Average weekly working time, annual income impact the awareness of nursing work meaning; Marital status, number of years of work, average weekly working time affect the perception of doctors working meaning; Education, years of work, average weekly working time affect the perception of nurses working pressure; Age, education, type of work organization affect the perception of doctors working pressure. Conclusion： Doctors operating characteristic average score significantly higher than the average of nurses; Work meaning of health care have a high cognition and the working pressures of doctors significantly higher than nurses; longer average weekly working time, higher annual income of nurses, higher level of awareness of the significance of their work; Spouse, long years of work, long average weekly working time of doctors, their awareness of the meaning of work is better; Educated, working years long, long average weekly working time of nurses, their working pressure is more; Older, educated and working in hospitals of doctors, their working pressure is larger.