广西融水苗族自治县各民族学龄儿童及青少年营养状况调查

Nutritional status of children and adolescents of school age children from different ethnic groups in Rongshui, Guangxi

目的：初步了解经济欠发达的西部多民族地区青少年营养状况。方法于2006年9月对广西融水一所民族小学和一所民族中学的2475名在校学生进行健康体检，其中男性1163名（46.99%），女性1312名（53.01%）；汉、苗、壮、侗4个主要民族人数分别为848名（34.26%）、736名（29.74%）、415名（16.77%）和341名（13.78%）。基于该体检资料，我们对该人群肥胖及营养不良的流行状况进行了描述。结果调查人群中男性超重率3.01%，肥胖率1.55%；女性超重率3.66%，肥胖率0.76%。汉、苗、壮、侗4个主要民族的超重检出率分别为2.59%、4.76%、2.89%和2.93%；肥胖检出率分别为1.89%、0.27%、0.96%、1.17%。男性儿童及青少年的营养不良检出率为5.59%，女性为3.35%。汉、苗、壮、侗4个主要民族的营养不良检出率分别为6.96%、2.17%、5.54%、2.64%。结论广西融水地区的学龄儿童及青少年男性的超重和肥胖检出率还处于较低水平，而营养不良发生率与全国水平接近。

Objective To investigate prevalence of nutritional status of children and adolescents of school age in the poor region with many ethnic groups of Western regions of China. Methods In September 2006, we performed a health check-up for 2 475 students of a primary school and a middle school from many ethnic groups in Rongshui, Guangxi; 1 163 boys （46.99%） and 1 362 girls （53.01%） participated in this study, including 4 main ethnic groups： Han （848 participants, 34.26%）, Miao （736 participants, 29.74%）, Zhuang （415 participants, 16.77%） and Dong （341 participants, 13.78%）, and prevalence of obesity and malnutrition for the population were surveyed. Results The prevalence rates of overweight among male and female children/adolescents of school age were 3.01%and 3.66%, respectively;and the prevalence rates of obesity were 1.55%and 0.76%, respectively. In 4 main ethnic groups of Han, Miao, Zhuang and Dong, the prevalence rates of overweight were 2.59%, 4.76%, 2.89% and 2.93%, respectively; while the prevalence rates of obesity were 1.89%, 0.27%, 0.96%and 1.17%, respectively. The prevalence rates of malnutrition among male and female children/adolescents of school age were 5.59%and 3.35%, respectively;while the prevalence rates of malnutrition in 4 main ethnic groups of Han, Miao, Zhuang and Dong were 6.96%, 2.17%, 5.54% and 2.64%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity of children and adolescents of school age in Rongshui were relatively low, while the prevalence rates of malnutrition is similar to the average level of China.