印度大起义与英国社会的反应

The Indian Uprising of 1857-59 and the Response of British

1857年至1859年在南亚次大陆的大起义极大震撼了英国人。面对近似疯狂的起义,几乎每个英国人都产生了爆炸式的反应。大起义本身和残酷的屠杀深深震惊了英国人,它打乱了英国政府所谓"西化"印度的进程。大起义期间,英国人对印度的态度也发生很大改变:从最初歇斯底里的复仇情绪到后来反思英国殖民政策的某些弊端。这种情绪上的转变为在印度的和解政策和适度重建计划提供了条件。大起义被镇压后,英国政府致力于调整在印度的殖民政策。东印度公司被取消,英国政府直接管辖印度。因此,大起义成为英国和印度两国历史上的转折点。

The Great Revolt of 1857-59 on the Indian subcontinent surprised and shocked Britons. The revolt itself and the ferocity of the massacres awakened the British society. It disrupted the process of Britain＇s westernizing India action. During the beginning of the crisis, the British felt anger. Later, many Britons recognized that their nation and its policy were not blameless. This was provided the way for a policy of reconciliation and a programme of moderate reconstruction in India. After the crisis, the British endeavored to adjust policy in India. The Company was abolished and the British government was gradually not direct rule of India, which was a turning point both in British and Indian history.