简易标准化病人在人际沟通课程中的应用研究

Application of simplified standardized patients in the course of interpersonal communication

目的探讨简易标准化病人在护理高职学生人际沟实践课程及考核中的应用效果。方法选择在我院进入临床专业学习的北京某高校护理高职学生作为研究对象,2011级50名学生为对照组,2012级49名学生为试验组。对照组理论授课采用常规教学方法,实践课程采用示教室操作演示和病房见习,学习临床实践沟通技巧。试验组理论授课采用常规教学方法,在实践课程中应用简易标准化病人教学,通过实践模拟演练对学生的临床实际沟通技巧进行指导。考核时两组学生同样采用标准化病人考核方法进行沟通能力评价及半结构访谈。结果试验组学生沟通能力评价高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。半结构访谈结果显示,学生认为简易标准病人教学及考核方法能在一定程度上提高他们应对临床可能存在问题的应变能力,增强知识的灵活运用;同时可以提升学习兴趣及职业自信心和工作能力。结论简易标准化病人适合用于护理高职学生人际沟通课程,应用简易标准化病人进行护理人际沟通课程教学及考核过程能够提高学生的沟通能力。

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of simplified standardized patients（SSP） in the course of interpersonal communication among higher vocational nursing students. Methods Fifty higher vocational nursing students in Grade 2011 and 49 students in Grade 2012 were recruited as the control group and the experimental group, respectively. Routine teaching method including lab practice and hospital observation was applied in the control group. In addition,SSP was applied in the experimental group. The outcomes were evaluated by communication test and semi-structured interviews. Results The communication test scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The results of semi-structured interviews showed that SSP could improve the ability in dealing with clinical problems and utilizing the knowledge, enhance students＇ learning interests, professional confidence and competency. Conclusion SSP is suitable for the course of interpersonal communication and effective to improve higher vocational nursing students＇ communication skills.