唐代舞蹈诗中的舞姬形象探析——兼论唐人的女性审美取向

Studies on the Images of Wu Ji in the Dancing Poems of the Tang Dynasty——and the aesthetic inclination on the female of the Tang people

唐代舞蹈诗中的舞姬包括后宫善舞的妃嫔、士人家中的舞女姬妾以及从事歌舞表演的宫妓、营妓与市井乐妓。大多数舞蹈诗描写的舞姬,或是风情万种的尤物,或是地位卑贱的玩物,或是致祸夺宠的妖姬,或是令人同情的苦命女。此外,还有少数舞蹈诗塑造了天真欢乐的少女形象和技艺高超的艺术家形象。舞姬是唐代女性的重要组成部分,代表着唐代女性的一种生活状态。从舞蹈诗对舞姬的描写中,可以看出唐人喜好纤柔细弱、欣赏风情愁怨的女性审美好尚。

Wu Ji in the dancing poems of the Tang Dynasty includes the concubines in the palace who is good at danc-ing ,the dancing girls supported by scholars ,and Gong Ji ,Ying Ji ,and Yue Ji in the town who sing and dance to earn a living .Most of Wu Ji in the dancing poems of the Tang Dynasty are attractive creatures ,or humble playthings ,or evil suc-cubus who court disaster and snatch the men’s favours ,or miserable women .In addition ,a minority of dancing poems shape the image of innocent and happy girls ,and excellent artists .Wu Ji is an important component of women of Tang Dy-nasty ,and represent a kind of women’s survival state at that time .Therefore ,according to the descriptions of Wu Ji in the dancing poems ,the aesthetic standards of the Tang Dynasty are slim and delicate ,amorous and sad .