流动儿童的抗逆力与自尊、社会支持、自我效能感的关系研究

On the Relationship Between Resilience and Self- esteem,Social Support and Self- efficacy Among Migrant Children

文章采用修订后的中文版《儿童青少年抗逆力量表》,对北京市348名11-14岁流动儿童进行问卷调查,探讨流动儿童抗逆力与自尊、社会支持、自我效能感之间的关系。研究发现,流动儿童抗逆力总体水平中等,性别差异明显,女生抗逆力显著高于男生;流动儿童的自尊、社会支持、自我效能感与抗逆力的相关系数分别为0.351、0.580、0.522,多元回归分析显示三因素对抗逆力总体解释力为47.4%;自我效能感在流动儿童抗逆力影响因素中的中介效应显著,自尊和社会支持都通过自我效能感对抗逆力产生影响:自我效能感在自尊与抗逆力之间起着中介效应,中介效应占总效应的41%;自我效能感在社会支持与抗逆力之间起着中介效应,中介效应占总效应的20.3%。建议通过提高自尊、社会支持和自我效能感来增强流动儿童的抗逆力。

Based on a questionnaire survey of 348 11-14-year-old migrant children in Beijing, and adopting the revised Chinese edition of CYRM scale, the paper aims to clarify the relationship of between resilience and self-esteem, social support and self-efficacy among migrant children. It finds that the general level of the migrant children＇s resilience is in the medium level but with significant difference on gender. The resilience of migrant girls has a significant high level than that of boys. The correlation index of resilience with self-esteem, social support and self-efficacy is 0. 351, 0. 580 and 0. 522 respectively. Multiple regression analysis shows that the total explanation of the three variables is up to 47.4%. The mediating effect of self- efficacy is significant, accounting for 41.3% in self-esteem to resilience path and 20.3% in social support to resilience path. Self-esteem and social support influence the level of resilience by the mediating effect of self- efficacy. Therefore, we suggest that the level of children＇s resilience with self-esteem, social support and self- efficacy be improved.