西方公民教育的发展及其对我国的启示

The Development of Western Civic Education and its Inspiration to Us

公民与公民教育概念是西方政治文明的产物,公民教育随着公民概念的历史演变而不断发展。西方公民教育历经了古典公民教育、近代公民教育、世界公民教育而迈入了当代公民教育的发展阶段。当代西方的公民教育理论则是构建在西方自由主义政治哲学与社群主义政治哲学融合的基础之上。西方公民教育鲜明的阶级性,启示我国社会主义公民素质教育必须坚持社会主义发展方向;西方公民教育根据时代发展不断进行调整,启示我国社会主义公民素质教育要适应市场经济发展要求而不断进行变革;西方公民教育注重实践的教育方式,启示我国社会主义公民素质教育要重视实践践行。

The concept of citizenship and citizenship education is the product of the western political civilization. Civic education is developed with the historical evolution of the citizen concept. Civic education in the west has gone through following stages： classical civic education, modern civic education, global civic education and finally the stage of contemporary civic education. The contemporary western theory of civic education is built on the fusion of the basis of the western political philosophy of liberalism and the political philosophy of Communitarianism. It is based on the idea of liberal citizenship, and has absorbed the thoughts of communitarianism on civic education. Western civic education has distinct class nature, which enlightens us that socialist civic quality education must adhere to the direction of socialist development road. Western civic education has been adjusting itself constantly, which enlightens us to update the socialist civic educa- tion according to the development of our socialist market economy. Western civic education pays more attention to the prac- tice of education, which enlightens us that the socialist citizen quality education should pay attention to practice as well.