摘要
Background： Preventing anterior cruciate ligament（ACL） injuries is very important for athletes, and dynamic knee valgus is considered a risk factor for non-contact ACL injury. However, little is known about whether the functions of the hip abductor and rear-foot increase dynamic knee valgus. A two-dimensional（2D） video-based screening test focused on hip abductor and rear-foot functions among factors involved in dynamic knee valgus. The present study determined associations between hip and rear-foot dynamic alignment and dynamic knee valgus.Methods： This cross-sectional study recruited 130 female basketball players（258 legs） from nine high-school teams. The players performed single-leg squats and single-leg drop landings to provide knee-in（KID） and hip-out（HOD） distances on 2D video images. Hip and rear-foot dynamic alignment was evaluated using a dynamic Trendelenburg test（DTT） and a dynamic heel-floor test（HFT）.Results： The Chi-square test revealed no significant difference in the prevalence of DTT-positivity between single-leg squats（28.7%） and singleleg drop landings（23.3%）. The prevalence of HFT-positivity was significantly greater during landings（51.4%） than during single-leg squats（31.0%, p 〈 0.01）. The KID values for both single-leg squats and single-leg drop landings were greater in the DTT-positive than in the DTTnegative group（15.1 5.4 cm and 20.2 7.5 cm, p 〈 0.001）. The HOD values were similarly greater in the DTT-positive group（15.2 1.9 cm and 17.6 2.8 cm, p 〈 0.001）. The KID values for both single-leg squats and single-leg drop landings were greater in the HFT-positive than in the HFT-negative group（12.2 5.1 cm, p 〈 0.01; 14.7 7.2 cm, p 〈 0.001）, whereas HOD values for these tasks did not significantly differ between the two groups.Conclusion： Dynamic hip mal-alignment might be associated with both greater KID and HOD, whereas rear-foot eversion is associated only with greater KID. Hip abductor and rear-foot dysfunction are important factors for dynamic knee valgus and thus evaluating DTT and HFT will help to prevent dynamic knee valgus.
背景:预防前十字韧带损伤对运动员非常重要,动态膝关节外翻被认为是导致非接触性前十字韧带损伤的危险因素之一,但髋关节外展肌群和后足的功能能否增加动态膝关节外翻的相关研究较少。通过二维视频分析筛选测试能检验髋关节外展肌和后足功能,包括由此影响动态膝关节外翻的因素。本研究旨在探索髋关节外展肌和后足动态校准与动态膝关节外翻间的关系。方法:该横断面研究招募来自9所高中的130名女篮运动员(258条腿)。让运动员进行单腿下蹲和单腿落地动作,通过二维视频图像记录膝关节斜收(KID)和髋关节探出(HOD)的距离。用动态Trendelenburg卧位测试(DTT)和动态足后跟—地板测试(HFT)评估髋关节外展肌和后足的动态校准。结果:卡方检验显示,单腿下蹲(28.7%)和单腿落地(23.3%)两个动作相比,DTT阳性分布无显著差异,单腿落地(51.4%)HFT阳性分布显著大于单腿下蹲动作(31.0%,p<0.01)。DTT阳性组单腿下蹲和单腿落地的KID值均大于DTT阴性组(15.1±5.4 cm vs.20.2±7.5 cm,p<0.001),DTT阳性组的HOD值也更大(15.2±1.9 cm和17.6±2.8 cm,p<0.001)。HFT阳性组单腿下蹲和单腿落地的KID值大于HFT阴性组(12.2±5.1 cm,p<0.01;14.7±7.2 cm,p<0.001),但两组HOD值无显著差异。结论:动态髋关节不良校准可能与KID和HOD有较强相关,而后足外翻只与KID有较强相关。髋关节外展肌和后足动态校准功能紊乱是导致动态膝关节外翻的重要因素,通过评估DTT和HFT将有助于预防动态膝外翻。
